Change log

Units and Measurement

SI units Errors in measurement Least count: vernier callipers and screw gauge Dimensional formulae and equations Dimensional analysis

Motion in a Straight Line

Frame of reference and displacement Velocity and speed Acceleration

Motion in a Plane

Multiplying a vector by a number Adding vectors graphically Resolution of vectors Adding vectors by components Position, velocity and acceleration in a plane Constant acceleration in a plane Uniform circular motion

Laws of Motion

Law of inertia Newton’s first law Newton’s third law

Work, Energy and Power

Scalar product Work-energy theorem Kinetic energy Potential energy

Systems of Particles and Rotational Motion

Rigid body motion Vector product Angular velocity Torque and angular momentum Moment of inertia Angular momentum about an axis

Gravitation

Universal law of gravitation Acceleration due to gravity Gravitational potential energy Escape speed Earth satellites

Mechanical Properties of Solids

Elasticity and plasticity Stress and strain Hooke’s law Stress-strain curve Elastic moduli Applications of elastic behaviour

Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Pressure in fluids Streamline and turbulent flow Bernoulli’s principle Viscosity Surface tension Experiment: surface tension by capillary rise

Thermal Properties of Matter

Ideal-gas equation and absolute temperature Thermal expansion Specific heat capacity Calorimetry Change of state Newton’s law of cooling

Thermodynamics

Thermal equilibrium Zeroth law of thermodynamics First law of thermodynamics Specific heat capacity of solids, water and gases State variables and equation of state Second law of thermodynamics Reversible and irreversible processes

Kinetic Theory

Molecular nature of matter Kinetic theory of an ideal gas Specific heat capacity from kinetic theory Mean free path

Oscillations

Periodic and oscillatory motion Energy in SHM Experiment: simple pendulum and loss of energy

Waves

Wave motion Transverse and longitudinal waves Displacement relation for a progressive wave Speed of a travelling wave Principle of superposition of waves Reflection of waves and standing waves Experiment: speed of sound with a resonance tube Beats

Electric Charges and Fields

Conductors and insulators Coulomb’s law Dipole in a uniform field

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electrostatics of conductors

Current Electricity

Electric currents in conductors Ohm’s law Experiment: resistance using Ohm’s law Limitations of Ohm’s law Electrical energy and power Kirchhoff’s rules Wheatstone bridge

Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic force Biot–Savart law Field on the axis of a loop Ampere’s circuital law The solenoid Torque on a current loop Moving coil galvanometer

Magnetism and Matter

The bar magnet Gauss’s law for magnetism Magnetisation and magnetic intensity Magnetic properties of materials

Electromagnetic Induction

Experiments of Faraday and Henry Magnetic flux Faraday’s law of induction Lenz’s law Inductance AC generator

Alternating Current

Phasors AC voltage applied to an inductor AC voltage applied to a capacitor Power in ac circuits Transformers

Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement current Electromagnetic waves

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Spherical mirrors Refraction Experiment: glass slab Lenses Experiment: prism i–δ graph Optical instruments

Wave Optics

Refraction and reflection by Huygens principle Coherent and incoherent addition Young’s double-slit experiment Diffraction Polarisation Brewster’s law

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Electron emission Photoelectric effect Experimental study of the photoelectric effect Einstein’s photoelectric equation Photon Wave nature of matter

Atoms

Rutherford’s nuclear model Atomic spectra Bohr model De Broglie and Bohr’s postulate

Nuclei

Composition of the nucleus Size of the nucleus Binding energy Nuclear force Radioactivity Nuclear energy

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Metals, insulators and semiconductors Extrinsic semiconductor p-n junction Semiconductor diode LED, photodiode and solar cell Experiment: identifying components

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Uncertainty in measurement Atomic and molecular masses Percentage composition

Structure of Atom

Sub-atomic particles Atomic models Developments leading to Bohr’s model Bohr’s model Towards the quantum mechanical model

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Modern periodic law Configurations and the periodic table Periodic trends

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Kössel–Lewis approach Ionic bond VSEPR theory Valence bond theory Hybridisation Homonuclear diatomic molecules Hydrogen bonding

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic terms Calorimetry Reaction enthalpy and Hess’s law Gibbs energy and equilibrium

Equilibrium

Equilibrium in physical processes Dynamic equilibrium in chemical processes Factors affecting equilibria Ionization of acids and bases Experiment: acid-base titration with an indicator

Redox Reactions

Classical idea of oxidation and reduction Redox reactions as electron transfer Oxidation number Redox reactions and electrode processes

Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques

Tetravalence of carbon and shapes Structural representations Classification of organic compounds Isomerism Organic reaction mechanism Quantitative analysis

Hydrocarbons

Alkenes

Solutions

Types of solutions Concentration of solutions Solubility Vapour pressure of solutions Ideal and non-ideal solutions Colligative properties Abnormal molar masses

Electrochemistry

Electrochemical cells Galvanic cells Nernst equation Conductance of electrolytic solutions Batteries Fuel cells Corrosion

Chemical Kinetics

Rate of a chemical reaction Factors influencing rate Integrated rate equations Temperature dependence of rate Collision theory