Change log: page 2

The p-Block Elements

Group 13 elements Group 14 elements Group 15 elements Group 16 elements Group 17 elements

The d- and f-Block Elements

Electronic configurations General properties Lanthanoids Actinoids Applications

Coordination Compounds

Werner’s theory Experiment: double salts Nomenclature Isomerism Bonding: VBT and CFT Metal carbonyls Importance and applications

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Classification Preparation of haloarenes Polyhalogen compounds

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Structures of functional groups Alcohols and phenols Ethers

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Carbonyl group: names and structure Preparation of aldehydes and ketones Physical properties of aldehydes and ketones Reactions of aldehydes and ketones Experiment: tests for aldehydes and ketones Experiment: preparation of iodoform Uses of aldehydes and ketones Preparation of carboxylic acids Physical properties of carboxylic acids Chemical reactions of carboxylic acids Experiment: tests for the carboxyl group Uses of carboxylic acids

Amines

Structure of amines Nomenclature of amines Preparation of amines Physical properties of amines Chemical reactions of amines Experiment: tests for the amino group Experiment: preparation of acetanilide and p-nitroacetanilide Preparation of diazonium salts Physical properties of diazonium salts Chemical reactions of diazonium salts Experiment: preparation of aniline yellow Diazonium salts in the synthesis of aromatic compounds

Sets

The empty set Finite and infinite sets Equal sets Subsets Power set Universal set Venn diagrams Operations on sets

Relations and Functions

Cartesian product Relations Functions

Trigonometric Functions

Trigonometric functions Sum and difference formulas

Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations

Complex numbers Algebra of complex numbers Modulus and conjugate The Argand plane Argument and polar form

Linear Inequalities

Inequalities Solving linear inequalities

Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental principle of counting Permutations

Binomial Theorem

Binomial theorem

Sequences and Series

Sequences Arithmetic progression Geometric progression

Straight Lines

Coordinate geometry basics Locus Slope of a line Distance of a point from a line

Conic Sections

Sections of a cone Circle Circle: diameter form and a line Parabola Hyperbola

Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry

Coordinate axes and planes Coordinates of a point in space Distance between two points Section formula in 3D

Limits and Derivatives

Intuitive idea of derivatives Limits Limits of trigonometric functions Derivatives

Statistics

Mean, median and mode Mode Measures of dispersion Range Mean deviation Variance and SD

Probability

Events

Relations and Functions (Class 12)

Composition and inverse

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Principal value branches

Matrices

Matrix and order Types of matrices Operations on matrices Transpose of a matrix Symmetric and skew symmetric Invertible matrices

Determinants

Determinant

Continuity and Differentiability

Differentiability Exponential and log functions Parametric derivatives Second order derivative

Integrals

Anti derivatives Partial fractions Integration by parts Definite integral Properties of definite integrals

Differential Equations

Order and degree Solving first order equations

Vector Algebra

Vectors: basic concepts Types of vectors Scalar multiple and components Dot and cross products

Three Dimensional Geometry

Shortest distance between lines

Probability (Class 12)

Conditional probability Multiplication theorem Bayes’ theorem

The Living World

Diversity in the living world

Biological Classification

Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Viruses, viroids, prions and lichens

Plant Kingdom

Algae Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms Angiosperms

Animal Kingdom

Basis of classification Classification of animals

Morphology of Flowering Plants

The root Modifications of leaf Inflorescence The seed Semi-technical description Family Malvaceae Family Gramineae

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Plant tissues Tissue systems

Structural Organisation in Animals

Organs and organ systems Frog

Cell: The Unit of Life

Overview of the cell Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells

Biomolecules

Chemical composition Proteins Polysaccharides Structure of proteins Enzymes

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell cycle Mitosis (M phase) Significance of mitosis

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Early experiments Site of photosynthesis Light reaction Electron transport Calvin cycle C₄ pathway Photorespiration

Respiration in Plants

Glycolysis Fermentation Aerobic respiration

Plant Growth and Development

Seed germination Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Respiratory organs Exchange of gases Transport of gases Disorders of respiratory system

Body Fluids and Circulation

Blood Lymph (tissue fluid) Circulatory pathways Double circulation Disorders of the circulatory system

Excretory Products and Their Elimination

Modes of excretion Urine formation Functions of the tubules Counter current mechanism Regulation of kidney function Micturition Disorders of the excretory system

Locomotion and Movement

Types of movement Muscle and muscle contraction Joints Disorders of muscles and bones

Neural Control and Coordination

Neural system and coordination Human neural system Neuron and the nerve impulse

Chemical Coordination and Integration

Human endocrine system Hormones of heart, kidney and gut Mechanism of hormone action

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Flower: a fascinating organ Pre-fertilisation: structures and events Double fertilisation Post-fertilisation: structures and events