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3. Q3. Write structures of (i) 4-tert-butyl-3-iodoheptane and (ii) 1-bromo-4-sec-butyl-2-methylbenzene. (NCERT Intext Question 6.1, parts (iii) and (v).)

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   (i) CH₃CH₂CH(I)CH(C(CH₃)₃)CH₂CH₂CH₃: a seven-carbon chain with I on C-3 and a tert-butyl group on C-4. (ii) A benzene ring with Br on C-1, CH₃ on C-2 and a sec-butyl group, CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃, on C-4 (reasoned). NCERT prints “tert.” and “sec.” with a full stop; IUPAC writes tert-butyl and sec-butyl.

4. Q4. Name CH₃CH₂CHCl₂ and CH₃CHClCH₂Cl in both systems, and say which is gem and which vic.

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   CH₃CH₂CHCl₂: both Cl on one carbon, a gem-dihalide; propylidene chloride, 1,1-dichloropropane. CH₃CHClCH₂Cl: Cl on adjacent carbons, a vic-dihalide; propylene dichloride, 1,2-dichloropropane (reasoned from NCERT page 162).