Q4. How does good health help a country, according to NCERT?
Healthy people are more efficient at work, which increases productivity and brings economic prosperity; health also increases longevity and reduces infant and maternal mortality (NCERT page 130).
Q5. Name four public measures that NCERT lists as necessary for good health.
Any four of: awareness about diseases, vaccination (immunisation) against infectious diseases, proper disposal of wastes, control of vectors, and hygiene in food and water resources (NCERT page 130).
Q6. Which non-infectious disease does NCERT call the major cause of death?
NCERT names cancer (page 130). Beyond the NCERT text: WHO reports that cardiovascular diseases cause the most noncommunicable-disease deaths, and cancer remains a major cause (WHO, Noncommunicable diseases fact sheet, facts in our words).
Q7. How did early thinkers arrive at the idea of the humors, and why was it rejected?
NCERT contrasts reflective thought with experiments such as Harvey’s circulation work and temperature measurement (page 129). This is a compressed historical narrative; classical black bile was associated with cold/dry qualities, and modern rejection of humoral explanations rests on much broader evidence.