Q5. Name the asexual spores and the sexual spores of fungi listed by NCERT.
Asexual: conidia, sporangiospores or zoospores. Sexual: oospores, ascospores and basidiospores (NCERT pages 16–17). The class accounts add aplanospores (asexual) and zygospores (sexual) in phycomycetes (page 17).
Q6. How does plasmogamy happen in basidiomycetes, which have no sex organs?
By fusion of two vegetative or somatic cells of different strains or genotypes (NCERT page 18).
Q7. What are coprophilous fungi, and in which class does NCERT mention them?
Fungi growing on dung; NCERT mentions them among the ascomycetes (page 17).
Q8. How many basidiospores does a basidium produce, and where are they formed?
Four, formed exogenously on the basidium after karyogamy and meiosis (NCERT page 18).
Q9. Which fungus is used extensively in biochemical and genetic work, and which are edible delicacies?
Neurospora; morels and truffles are edible delicacies (NCERT page 18).
Q10. Assertion: deuteromycetes are called imperfect fungi. Reason: only their asexual or vegetative phases are known. Are both true, and does the reason explain the assertion?
Both are true, and the reason explains the assertion (NCERT page 18).
Q11. What forms a zygospore, and in which class?
The fusion of two gametes, in phycomycetes; the gametes may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous (NCERT page 17).
Q12. Name the vegetative methods of reproduction in fungi.
Fragmentation, fission and budding (NCERT page 16).