Q5. Assertion: every stoma has subsidiary cells. Reason: subsidiary cells are epidermal cells near the guard cells, specialised in shape and size. Are both true, and does the reason explain the assertion?
The assertion is false and the reason true: NCERT says that only sometimes do a few epidermal cells near the guard cells become specialised (page 72).
Q6. What are subsidiary cells?
Epidermal cells near the guard cells that have become specialised in shape and size (NCERT page 72).
Q7. Into which three zones does NCERT divide the ground tissue system?
Cortex, pericycle and pith (NCERT Summary, page 77).
Q8. What kind of cells make up the epidermis, and how thick is it usually?
Parenchymatous cells with a small amount of cytoplasm and a large vacuole, usually in a single layer (NCERT page 72).
Q9. What are the epidermal appendages?
The trichomes and hairs (NCERT page 71).
Q10. Is the pericycle part of the ground or of the vascular tissue system?
The ground tissue system: NCERT’s Summary divides the ground tissue into cortex, pericycle and pith (page 77). The stele of a root includes the pericycle (page 74), but the stele is not the same as the vascular tissue system.